ClinVar Miner

Submissions for variant NM_003661.4(APOL1):c.1024A>G (p.Ser342Gly)

gnomAD frequency: 0.06773  dbSNP: rs73885319
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Total submissions: 14
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Submitter RCV SCV Clinical significance Condition Last evaluated Review status Method Comment
Dasa RCV001374176 SCV007599746 pathogenic not provided 2026-01-19 criteria provided, single submitter clinical testing NM_003661.4(APOL1):c.1024A>G (p.Ser342Gly) is a missense variant that results in the substitution of serine with glycine. This variant has been recurrently observed in individuals with related phenotype (PMID: 27600725; PMID: 27610422; PMID: 40321250). The variant is present at low frequency in population datasets. Based on the available data, this variant is classified as pathogenic.
Variantyx, Inc. RCV005355580 SCV007294374 pathogenic Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis 4, susceptibility to 2025-03-25 criteria provided, single submitter clinical testing This is a complex allele formed by two nonsynonymous variants in the APOL1 gene (OMIM: 603743). Pathogenic variants in this gene have been associated with autosomal recessive susceptibility to segmental glomerulosclerosis 4. This haplotype is traditionally referred to as the G1 allele and is common in individuals of African ancestry. Homozygosity or compound heterozygosity of this variant with the G2 allele (p.Asn388_Tyr389del) have been associated with an increased risk for chronic kidney disease, including focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN). Equivalent risk associations have been observed for the G1/G1, G1/G2 and G2/G2 genotypes, with the strongest effect across studies detected for HIVAN (OR=29, 95% CI 13-68.5), followed by FSGS (OR=17, 95% CI 11-26) (PMID: 21997394, 24206458, 24379297, 25853332, 25168832) (PS4). Functional studies have shown that this allele alters APOL1 protein function (PMID: 28218918, 28650456) (PS3). This allele has a maximum allele frequency of approximately 23% in non-founder control populations (https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/). Based on the current evidence, this allele is classified as pathogenic with low penetrance for autosomal recessive susceptibility to segmental glomerulosclerosis 4.The APOL1 G2 allele was also identified in this individual.
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sinai Health System RCV005355580 SCV005913586 likely pathogenic Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis 4, susceptibility to 2023-09-15 criteria provided, single submitter research
Clinical Genomics Laboratory, Washington University in St. Louis RCV003458390 SCV004176970 uncertain significance APOL1-associated kidney disease 2023-08-29 criteria provided, single submitter clinical testing Sequence analysis identified the presence of a single APOL1 risk allele in a heterozygous state (G1). The G1 allele is composed of two missense variants: G1G (p.S342G) and G1M (p.I384M). APOL1 risk alleles occur at high frequency among populations of African ancestry (22-24% and 13-14% for G1 and G2, respectively) and are absent or nearly absent from other populations. Inheriting two risk variants greatly increases risk of kidney disease, whereas inheriting one risk allele confers minimal or no risk (Friedman DJ et al., PMID: 32616495). APOL1-associated kidney disease includes focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, CKD associated with hypertension, HIV, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and sickle cell disease, among others (Friedman DJ et al., PMID: 32616495).
Mendelics RCV002248501 SCV002516948 likely risk allele not specified 2023-02-15 criteria provided, single submitter clinical testing
GeneDx RCV001374176 SCV001936051 risk factor not provided 2020-02-26 criteria provided, single submitter clinical testing This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 28696248, 27650483, 32581362, 21910715, 24379297, 23768513, 24518129, 25993319, 22832513, 24206458, 20635188, 20647424, 30173819, 30315176)
Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp RCV001374176 SCV001570962 pathogenic, low penetrance not provided 2026-02-01 criteria provided, single submitter clinical testing This sequence change replaces serine, which is neutral and polar, with glycine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 342 of the APOL1 protein (p.Ser342Gly). This variant is present in population databases (rs73885319, gnomAD 23%), and has an allele count higher than expected for a pathogenic variant. This variant, along with c.1152T>G (p.Ile384Met), constitutes the “G1” allele of APOL1. This allele is associated with increased risk for progressive proteinuric nephropathy and kidney disease in individuals of African-American ancestry when present in homozygosity or in trans with the “G2” allele (c.1164_1169delTTATAA (p.Asn388_Tyr389del)). Several large case-control studies have shown a 6- to 47-fold increased risk of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, HIV-associated nephropathy, or non-diabetic end-stage kidney disease in individuals with homozygous G1, homozygous G2, or G1 in trans with G2 alleles (PMID: 20647424, 20635188, 21997394). Similar studies in African populations have generally recapitulated these findings, but these studies are based on a relatively small number of individuals (PMID: 30340464, 25788523). A recent PheWAS study also appears to support these findings, although the risk of end-stage kidney disease may be smaller than initially assumed (closer to 3- to 4-fold; PMID: 32247630). p.Ile384Met and p.Ser342Gly are almost always present on the same allele (in cis), but p.Ser342Gly is thought to be the main driver of increased risk (PMID: 21997394). p.Ile384Met is therefore classified as Benign (internal data). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 277678). An algorithm developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function outputs the following: PolyPhen-2: "Benign". The glycine amino acid residue is found in multiple mammalian species, which suggests that this missense change does not adversely affect protein function. Experimental studies have shown that this missense change affects APOL1 function (PMID: 30332315, 32675303). In summary, this variant has been shown to confer an increased risk for kidney disease, either in homozygosity or in trans with the G2 allele. However, not all individuals with this variant in homozygosity or in trans with the G2 allele will be clinically affected. For these reasons, this change has been classified as Pathogenic (low penetrance).
Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Mass General Brigham Personalized Medicine RCV000408955 SCV000204327 risk factor Hyalinosis, Segmental Glomerular 2020-03-04 criteria provided, single submitter clinical testing See compound het c.[1024A>G;1152T>G]
NIHR Bioresource Rare Diseases, University of Cambridge RCV001003831 SCV001162282 pathogenic Glomerulonephritis no assertion criteria provided research
NIHR Bioresource Rare Diseases, University of Cambridge RCV001003830 SCV001162281 pathogenic Nephrotic range proteinuria no assertion criteria provided research
NIHR Bioresource Rare Diseases, University of Cambridge RCV001003829 SCV001162280 pathogenic Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis; Steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome no assertion criteria provided research
NIHR Bioresource Rare Diseases, University of Cambridge RCV001003828 SCV001162279 pathogenic Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis; Sickled erythrocytes no assertion criteria provided research
NIHR Bioresource Rare Diseases, University of Cambridge RCV001003827 SCV001162278 pathogenic Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis no assertion criteria provided research
NIHR Bioresource Rare Diseases, University of Cambridge RCV001003826 SCV001162277 pathogenic Proteinuria no assertion criteria provided research

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